Implantable Devices Based On Ultra-Wideband Miniaturized Implantable Antenna for Biotelemetry Application

In non-uniform and lossy environments within the human body, detuning of implantable devices primarily occurs due to the peristaltic motion of organs (e.g., gastrointestinal tract) and periodic pulsation (e.g., heartbeat). Achieving a wide bandwidth to overcome detuning challenges is constrained by device specifications and the miniaturization of antennas. In this study, we developed a compact ultra-wideband(UWB) implantable antenna for biotelemetry applications. The relative bandwidth of the implantable antenna in this paper is 146% (0.52-3.3 GHz), operating within the Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency bands. To closely real human tissue, a three-layer homogeneous tissue phantom was constructed, and the antenna was integrated into the implantable medical devices (IMDs) composed of alumina. In the homogeneous phantom, the proposed antenna exhibited gains of -32.1 dBi, -22.1 dBi, and - 15.8 dBi at 915 MHz, 1.4 GHz, and 2.45 GHz, respectively. Simultaneously, the antenna meets the guidelines of IEEE C95.1-2005 and C95.1-1999.