Optimal end-users electrification management: a BESS-based DSO approach to support distribution grid planning and delay network reinforcement

The paper investigates the advantages of using Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in the distribution networks at the planning stage to manage grid congestions caused by the end-users' electrification. Firstly, the resulting demand for a full-electric house scenario and its impact on the electricity grid is evaluated by considering several real-life domestic customer load profiles. Secondly, the paper investigates the feasibility of installing BESSs to meet the increased load avoiding reinforcement of existing grid infrastructures. For doing so, the additional electricity demand might be managed by correctly sizing and installing BESSs, which can be recharged when the electricity demand is lower while discharged in a time of higher need. Finally, an economic assessment identifies the breakeven point between constructing new grid infrastructures and adopting BESSs. The technical and economic evaluations are based on real data from the Distribution System Operator (DSO) of Milano and Brescia, Unareti S.p.A.