FO-PID Controller for Stability Operation in MMC Based Offshore HVDC Wind Energy System

A High voltage direct current (HVDC) system, which is based on a voltage source converter (VSC), provides flexibility to include more renewable energy sources (RES) into the electrical grid and supports power flow reversal. Grids provide connections between traditional energy systems and other substantial offshore energy sources, such as wind energy conversion system (WECS). Due to its distinguishing characteristics, including flexibility and scalability, a modular multilevel converter (MMC) has occurred as method for a creation of the VSC system. The three most popular methods for creating comprehensive MMC VSC-HVDC models are compared in this article for the first time of quality and simulation speed for a number of common simulation instances. Also, a FO-PID controller, which raises the voltage computational effectiveness. The suggestions for which detailed controllers are most suited for which specific investigations are presented as the paper's concluding section.