Evaluation of 2.4GHz Signal of Opportunity Localization

Temporal-spatial information plays a critical role in the transportation sector, and a vast number of transportation users rely on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), including the BeiDou satellite navigation system, for accurate positioning, navigation and timing services (PNTs). However, the vulnerability of satellite navigation systems highlights the importance of ensuring assured PNTs. The 2.4 GHz frequency band, which falls within the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) spectrum, is of significant importance as it accommodates various navigation, communication, and system services. Moreover, it serves as a valuable resource for the advancement of next-generation low-earth orbit satellites (LEOs). This makes it an ideal frequency band for signal of opportunity (SOP) applications. In this paper, we propose an SOP operating at the 2.4 GHz frequency. Through a comprehensive evaluation and analysis, our objective is to develop an effective strategy that can be applied to multi-vehicle, multi-source positioning beacons, offering alternative PNTs in transportation sector.