Optimizing Monthly Tilt and Azimuth Angles of Photovoltaic Panels in Brunei Darussalam

This article investigates the bimonthly optimization strategy for determining the azimuthal and inclination angles of solar panels in Brunei Darussalam using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Strategy. The optimal monthly tilt angles are compared to those obtained from other methods, yielding positive results. To verify the optimal monthly tilt angles generated using the PSO algorithm, an experiment is performed to compare the output of a solar panel inclined at an angle of zero degrees. A wireless data acquisition system was designed and constructed and employed in the experiment to collect data from the solar panel. The experiment was performed during July and August of 2022, and the optimal monthly tilt angles were 24.57°and 14.31°respectively, both North facing. Comparisons are made for the output of the solar panel in the optimal monthly tilt angle at 0°, and the results are found satisfactory as the solar panel generated more power when tilted at the optimal monthly inclination angle.