Identification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Subtypes: M1, M2, M3 on White Blood Cells Using Microscopic Images

Leukemia is a form of blood cancer characterized by an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells that invade the body’s immune system. Leukemias are divided into four main groups based on cell type and growth rate. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is one of them, namely leukemia that occurs in the myeloid series. AML itself is divided into several subtypes, according to the French-American-British (FAB), namely M0-M7. AML subtypes M1, M2, and M3 are influenced by the same cell type, namely myeloblast cells, so a more detailed analysis is needed to classify them. Therefore we need a system that can identify the presence of AML in the blood, this identification is done by classifying white blood cells on microscopic images. To detect the presence of AML in microscopic images, multiple processes will be used, including preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification stages by applying the K-NN method. This classification procedure will result in a diagnosis of M1, M2, or M3 blood cells. At the end of phase 1 of this final project, pre-processing and segmentation processes and graphical user interface (GUI) designs have been carried out. This final project resulted in an accuracy of 80% for the identification of subtype M1, 70% for the identification of subtype M2, and 80% for the identification of subtype M3.