Millimeter-Wave Complementary Planar Antenna with Conical Radiation for 6G Applications

Along with the gradually shift of wireless communication research interests towards sixth generation (6G), conical-beam (CB) antenna has recently become an attractive candidate for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) 6G satellite/drones applications owing to its valuable radiation features. Nevertheless, to the date, there are only few reported mm-wave CB antennas constructed with completely planar structures and most of them perform limited gain and impedance bandwidth. In this study, we propose a complementary planar antenna exhibiting a high-gain and wideband conical radiation by configuring a circular array of magnetoelectric (ME) antenna elements fed by a multiple-stage substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) circular-cavity. By leveraging the multiple-stage structure of the cavity and control TM010/TM020 resonance modes, the proposed antenna can exhibit a high-gain and wideband performance covering entire E-band and upper V-band spectrum while maintaining a compact planar structure. Particularly, proposed structure performs an impedance BW of 59.38–89.95 GHz (40.9%) with highly stable CB radiation across operating frequency and peak gain of 12.05 dBi at 76 GHz.