Approximate Message Passing MIMO Detector With Frequency Domain Initialization for SC-FDMA

In this article, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC- FDMA) detection algorithms, including low-complexity approxi- mate message passing (LC-AMP) and frequency domain initialization (FDI) benefitted LC-AMP (FDI-LC-AMP), are proposed. The detailed derivation of LC-AMP algorithm starting from approximate message passing (AMP) is provided. Adaptive nearest-neighbor approximation (ANNA) and modified message damping strategy are illustrated. Additionally, FDI is adopted to improve the convergence performance of LC-AMP. The simulation results show that the proposed LC-AMP/FDI-LC-AMP with ANNA exhibit superior performance compared to other state-of-the-art (SOA) MIMO SC-FDMA detectors with and without channel encoding. The trade-off between complexity and performance is also discussed. Benefitting from FDI and ANNA, FDI-LC-AMP with ANNA can obtain 22.9%−44.0% reduction in complexity compared to the SOAs while performing better.