Partial Shading Effects on Output Power of Series Configured Photovoltaic Array

Partial shading occurs when only a portion of a solar panel or array is shaded by an object, such as a nearby building, tree, or other obstruction. This shading can significantly reduce the amount of electricity generated by the solar panel or array, as the shaded cells produce less energy than the unshaded cells. Under the characteristics of the Photovoltaic modules, different algorithms are developed. During partially shaded conditions, a PV module array behaves differently from a single Photovoltaic module. A maximum power point method must be developed to determine the peak with the maximum power because the features of PV arrays include many peaks under partial shade conditions. For a Photovoltaic array to produce the maximum power, its characteristics must be examined both under normal irradiation and in partially shaded conditions. The various features of photovoltaic arrays are examined in this work under partial shading conditions, and a system is suggested for the selection of a location based on the characteristics of the arrays to track the global maximum power point.