Square Ring Resonator based Photonic Crystal for Pressure Sensing

In this paper, a pressure sensor has been designed using Photonic Crystal (PC) which is two-dimensional (2D) in nature. The pressure sensor has improved sensitivity, resolution, and a detection limit in the range of 0 to 6 GPa. Silicon rods (nsi 3.46) are inserted in air on a square Silicon dioxide substrate (SiO2) in the 2D PC optical sensor. The Photonic Band Gap (PBG) for periodic dielectric rods of a particular dimension has been estimated using the technique of Plane Wave Expansion (PWE). A bus, Nano square resonant cavity (NSRC) and silicon rods inserted in air change refractive index with pressure. After specifying structural parameters like lattice constant and rod radius, functional characteristics including sensitivity, quality factor, resonant wavelength, and spectral line width have been analyzed using the method of Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD). The refractive index and the Pascal pressure are linearly dependent. The proposed sensor offers higher sensitivity, quality factor, and compactness which are highly favored characteristics in Photonics.