Plant Nutrient Deficiency Detection and Classification - A Review

Plants require both macronutrients and micronutrients to complete their life cycle. Nutrient deficient plants exhibit certain symptoms and may provide poor yields. So continual observation is required to determine the nutritional condition of plants without any human effort. The three important macronutrients that plants need for proper growth and development are represented by the letters NPK, which stand for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). These nutrients are essential for photosynthesis, root growth, energy transmission, and general plant health. NPK deficiency may harm plants, causing slowed development, yellowing or purplishing of the leaves, brittle stems, and decreased yield. It requires careful monitoring for recognizing symptoms and doing soil testing to establish the availability of certain nutrients in order to pinpoint specific nutrient deficits. Many techniques may be used to correct NPK deficits. Identifying NPK deficiencies in plants using AI can be achieved through image recognition and analysis techniques. This paper focuses on various machine and deep learning techniques carried out by researchers to identify nutritional deficiencies in plants.