Development of PID Controller for Temperature Control of High Flow Nasal Cannula Humidification System Based on System Identification

The recent outbreak of respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 has led to an increase in the use of therapeutic devices, including high flow nasal cannulas, which have been shown to improve blood oxygenation and reduce mortality rates. Temperature control is an important aspect of these devices, as it impacts the humidification system and patient comfort. Therefore, it is necessary to have a robust and accurate temperature control system in HFNC humidification systems. This paper discusses the identification and control of an HFNC humidification system’s temperature using MATLAB software. The system model is created using input-output data and a PID controller is generated. The PID Tuner app in MATLAB can be used to automatically tune the PID parameters, and the step response plot can be used to fine-tune the parameters graphically. The performance of the PID algorithm was evaluated through simulations in MATLAB and an Arduino-based real model. The results showed that the designed PID controller had good performance and precision. In conclusion, the designed PID controller, developed through the system identification process, was successfully implemented in the HFNC humidification system we developed.