A Hierarchical Energy Management Framework for Power and Hydrogen Flows in Photovoltaic Microgrids with Hybrid Energy Storage Systems

This paper proposes a hierarchical energy management framework to handle the power and hydrogen flows in photovoltaic microgrids employing hybrid energy storage systems composed of supercapacitors and hydrogen components. To process the power flow, an adaptive power allocation scheme is introduced. The hydrogen flow is managed by coordinating the hydrogen production, storage, and transportation. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in splitting the power and coordinating the hydrogen flow.