A Novel Ultra-wideband Fractal Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for W-band Applications

This research presents and simulates a novel ultra-wideband fractal antenna with defected ground structure covering W-band and millimeter wave frequencies for wireless communication applications. Copper is used as a conductor, with a thickness of 0.035 mm, on a Rogers RT5880 substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2. A 50 Ω input impedance characterizes the proposed antenna. This antenna has a total bandwidth of 49.5 GHz ranging from 79.29 GHz to 128.29 GHz, with the highest gain measured at 114 GHz, which is 5.04 dBi and has a compact size of $3.5\times5.25\times0.25 mm3$. It emits a broad spectrum of radiation, making it useful for radar front-end and object-tracking applications.