Evolutional Analysis of Coronavirus Spike Proteins with Big-Data

The pandemic of COVID-19 has overrun for three years, however, the systematic evolution of coronaviruses is still unclear. In this study, all 3227 unique CoV spike proteins from 1941 to 2019 plus the spike protein of the first sequenced SARS-CoV-2 were aligned based on seven different algorisms, of which each was constructed five types of phylogenetic trees. The generated 70 phylogenetic trees were compared, and 84 branch levels of ME and NJ phylogenetic trees were dissected to determine each spike protein at which branch level for each clade. Finally, the common evolutionary path was found out from the 70 phylogenetic trees. This big-data analysis provides the whole picture of coronavirus evolution over 80 years.