An In-Depth Review of AI-Based Techniques for Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Evaluation of CAD System Design and Classification Methodologies

One of the most prevalent forms of cancer among women worldwide is breast cancer, the leading cause of mortality. The vital procedure of early breast cancer detection can help with the right medical care, prevent the spread of cancer cells, as well as lower the risk of death and disability. The two most prevalent techniques for correctly detecting and classifying breast cancer through the use of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) technology are artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). This work intends to highlight the significance of applying AI for breast cancer early detection to reduce its risks. The various techniques for recognizing breast cancer are also addressed. Also, the design process of the CAD system, including pre-processing stage, segmentation, extraction of features, and feature selection, is explained. The classification methodologies for detecting breast cancer will then be evaluated.