Comparative Analysis of FACTS Device in the Transmission Line Network on the Zonal Protection

The modern power system is an era of power-electronic devices used to increase the transmission capacity of the power system. The flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) is used in the transmission to improve the power quality of the grid, which affects the protection system. In this paper, the effects of a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and a static var compensator (SVC) on the protection zone in terms of overreach and underreach are presented. Both are shunt-connected FACTS devices used to improve power quality. STATCOMs have better overall functional properties, performance, and application flexibility than SVCs. STATCOM and SVC are used as integrative components of the power system, using the characteristics of distance relays for fault detection. Simulation is performed using EMTDC/PSCAD on various types of faults at different fault locations incorporating both using SVC and STATCOM. To detect under-reach and over-reach events, the MHO relay is used.