Frequency Oscillation Control in a Microgrid System using Binary PSO based PID Controller

Renewable sources of energy are the prime mover of the microgrid in the present period because they are non-conventional sources of energy. With the implementation of renewable units in the power system, the frequency deviation becomes unstable. To fulfil the rising load demand in the power system, the number of renewable sources has been integrated in the power system. Here, a number of sources like wind turbine, diesel engine generator, aqua electrolyzer, fuel cell, battery energy storage is implemented in a microgrid system and frequency deviation control is examined. PID controller is considered in this article for frequency deviation control in microgrid incorporated with any renewable sources. The existing PSO techniques have been modified to form binary PSO to tune the constraints of the PID controller. In order to adjust the factors of the PID controller an abrupt load deviation of 3% is applied in the microgrid system. Considering ITAE as fitness function the binary PSO is employed to tune the values of the control parameters. Here, the dominance of binary PSO is established over PSO techniques in contrast to many time domain indices such as settling time, undershoot and overshoot. Further, the sensitivity of the microgrid system is examined with the existing controller constraints by amplifying the loading of the microgrid system.