GMPP Improvement with Fewer Power Peaks and Lower Mismatch Losses Using a New Hybrid BIPV Array Configuration

Maximum power production and efficiency of large building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) or solar photovoltaic (PV) array installations are greatly reduced by partial shadowing (PS), which is a considerable barrier. This paper's major goal is to conduct a thorough examination of the existing hybrid PV array configurations with the proposed hybrid BIPV array configuration under four diverse scenarios of PS using the MATLAB-Simulink software. Series-Parallel Total-Cross-Tied (SP-TCT), Bridge-Linked TCT (BL-TCT), Honey-Combed TCT (HC-TCT), and BL-HC are the existing hybrid arrays utilized for analysis. Sandwich Bridge-Linked Total-Cross-Tied (S-BL-TCT) hybrid BIPV array is the new configuration proposed in this research. Five different existing and proposed hybrid
$8 \times 6$
PV and BIPV array configurations are assessed for their performance in terms of the global maximum power point (GMPP), voltage and current at the GMPP, open-circuit voltage (OCV), short-circuit current (SCC), the number of power peaks (PPs), shading loss (SL), mismatch loss (ML), fill factor (FF), and efficiency
$(\eta)$
. According to the performance evaluation, the proposed S-BL-TCT configuration increases GMPP by 5.63 %, lowers ML by 4.2 %, and enhances FF &
$\eta$
by 2.33 % and 0.43 %, respectively. In severe instances of PS, the proposed S-BL-TCT array reduces the number of PPs created.