Industry 5.0: Enhancing Human-Robot Collaboration through Collaborative Robots – A Review

Modern production systems are currently changing, moving from mass production to mass customization logic, as described in Industry 5.0. The aim of Industry 5.0 is to outperform conventional manufacturing techniques by creating interconnected systems that include everything from machinery, robots, and workers to goods and consumers. This is accomplished by fully integrating the physical and virtual worlds. It focuses on building intelligent hybrid workspaces where robots share labour-intensive duties to increase productivity and safety in a range of industrial sectors. Cobots, or collaborative robots, are introduced in this. Cobots are becoming more prevalent in modern industrial systems because they combine the adaptability and competence of manual labour with the efficiency of automated systems. To maintain consistent human safety and effective collaborative productivity, communication between a human operator and the robot in these collaborative contexts must be precise and seamless. In more specific words, the framework can be used to operate an industrial robot securely and remotely in real-time while still protecting the safety of the technician. The objective of this article is to offer a clear overview of Industry 5.0's major ideas and prospective applications. It focuses on the supporting technologies of Industry 5.0 such as the Internet of Things (IoT), 6G systems, Blockchain Technology (BT), Digital Twin (DT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cyber-physical systems, and Extended Reality (XR) technologies, for seamless connectivity and data exchange. Furthermore, it also elaborates on the application of Cobots in various industrial fields.