Adaptable Communications System for train remote driving

The current radio communication technology for Railways, the (GSM-R) based on 2G standard, will be obsolete in 2030. In this context, two alternative solutions are under standardization to meet the evolving needs and requirements of the railway industry: the Adaptable Communications System (ACS) and the Future Railway Mobile Communication Systems (FRMCS). These solutions can be based on different radio communication protocols (GSM-R, private/public 4G network, 5G NR, Wi-Fi, Satellite communications, etc.). The use of these solutions in railway operations demanding high data rate and high level of connectivity, such as remote train driving, is crucial for ensuring efficiency, safety, and reliability. This paper presents the experimental results on railway environments of a train remote driving application, using an ACS combining Satellite radio communications and public/private 4G network.