Model Based Integration and Performance Analysis of Direct Water Injection Humidification Method for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

The processes for integrating polymer membrane fuel cells into automobiles are speeding up as a result of the automotive industry's rising investments in hydrogen technology on a daily basis. However, research on fuel cell technology focuses on enhancing its performance and efficiency. In order to counteract the drying effect under specific operating conditions, this study suggests a water management strategy involving active humidification. The membrane humidifier has been removed from the system, and a new water injection model has been developed in order to free the system's relative humidity, which is reliant on the operating point of the fuel cell and the efficiency of the humidifier, from these dependencies. The study investigates metrics such as current density, cell voltage, power, and efficiency against measurements of fuel cell performance, relative humidity, membrane water content, temperature, and water management. The proposed method has been created on the AVL CRUISE™ M simulation platform and using experimental data from the test bed, it has been observed that the temperature-controlled water injection system improves the overall performance of the fuel cell stack.