Analysis, Design, and Hardware Implementation of Three, Five, and Seven-level H-bridge Inverter Using Arduino

Direct current (DC) can be converted to alternating current (AC) utilizing switches like MOSFETs and IGBTs. Available inverter topologies can be broadly categorized either as two-level inverters or multilevel inverters (MLIs). Particularly for high-power applications, multilevel inverters provide several benefits over conventional two-level inverters. These benefits include the almost sinusoidal output voltage waveforms that the multilevel inverter can generate and the minimal overall harmonic distortion. Additionally, voltage and power levels can be scaled up easily with modular designs without any issues regarding voltage sharing between Power Semiconductors. The cascaded H-Bridge inverter is an excellent example of such scalability. This paper presents the simulation and hardware implementation of a cascaded single-phase MLI with three, five, and seven levels. In addition, the complexity of the circuit topologies, the precision of the output voltage, and the total harmonic distortion are compared in the above three topologies of multilevel inverters. Simulations carried out in LTSPICE, SAM, and MATLAB Simulink are used to derive the results.