Ensemble Control for Manipulating Multiple Nanowires in Fluid Suspension Using External Electrical Fields

This paper presents an ensemble control system for precise online manipulation of micro- and nanoscale objects. Existing wireless external actuation approaches exhibit global and coupled influences, hindering robust and simultaneous control of multiple particles. The proposed system incorporates the rotational dynamics of nanowires in fluid suspension and offers two control methods: a two-stage open-loop ensemble control law and a model-predictive ensemble control strategy. Simulation results demonstrate that both methods surpass the theoretical limits of simultaneous particle control. The model-predictive ensemble control method can control more nanowires, does not require pre-generated trajectories, and has a simpler validation process for control performance.