Past, present, and futures of non destructive techniques

Recent progress in manufacturing techniques has led to a wide range of new materials and components. Advance in material development has resulted in a wide range of new kind of materials as carbon composite and carbon fiber reinforced. The need, already consolidated, to investigate its properties (mechanical, electrical, thermal, etc.) arises and characterize the possible innovations by industrial sector such as aeronautics and aerospace, through the use of analysis techniques non-destructive (NDT). Common NDT techniques can be classified into seven major categories: visual (visual inspection), penetrating radiation (X-ray, and neutron imaging), magnetic-electrical (magnetic particle), mechanical vibration (ultrasonic, acoustic emission, and tapping), chemical/electrochemical (chemical spot testing), thermal (infrared thermography) and other optical methods (interferometry, holography, and shearography). More traditional non-destructive techniques (NDT) are not always effective as expected, and there is therefore a long-term need to use innovative NDT methods capable of provide reliable and quantitative information regarding damage status and integrity of materials. In the present work we focus on the development of specific tools of NDT for assuring the quality related to the fabrication of industrial components. The potential tool that will be take into consideration for inspection and detection of defects will mainly based on the following two main methods: ‐full-field optical techniques (such as profilometry, interferometry, sherography and thermography); ‐Laser ultrasound testing (LUT); The integrated and combinated use of different NDT (thermography, shearography and ultrasound) was necessary for a complete characterization of some types of composite materials.