Dynamic Power Management of Shipboard Hybrid Energy Storage System Under Uncertain Navigation Conditions

In the all-electric ships (AESs), the uncertain navigation conditions bring the drastic propulsion power fluctuations and the uncertain power control characteristics of large-scale shipboard hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs). A dynamic power management method of shipboard HESS is therefore proposed in this article. First, a novel multiscenario propulsion power model is employed to model the impacts of deterministic navigation conditions separately from other uncertain factors. Then, a dynamic battery model considering the internal states coupling is employed to accurately estimates the available power range of battery in harsh marine environments. Finally, a dynamic power allocation strategy is proposed to coordinate the HESS power to smooth the resulting direct current (dc) voltage sags while ensuring that the battery outputs safely. The proposed method is proven with three case studies, including a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation, and the results show the following: 1) the proposed power model can quantify the propulsion power fluctuations and the maximum test accuracy of the model is 98.7%; 2) the proposed battery model can reduce the average estimation error of 1.622% at most; and 3) the proposed power allocation strategy can improve the mean dc voltage by 17.39% and the power fluctuations of the battery are reduced by 18.4%.