Device Engineering and Materials Perspective Analysis of Highly Efficient Lead-Free MASnI3 Perovskite Solar Cell

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained momentous attention in the present world scenario. This article proposes a novel eco-friendly tin-based solar cell module with MASnI
₃
as the perovskite absorber. The design approach for eco-friendly PSC has been rigorously investigated using device simulation software. Simulation efforts are focused on device parameters; specifically defect density, thickness of absorber layer, doping concentration, temperature etc. to obtain the optimized device model. Highest PCE of 27.79% has been recorded with an excellent fill factor of 84.12% and V
_OC
of 0.95 V and J
_SC
of 34.58 mA/cm
²
, which is considerably better than the tin-based PSCs in previous studies. Reduced Graphene oxide with AgNW-115 and Cytop composite (rGO/AgNW-115/Cytop) has been used as the ETL contact instead of the more commonly used FTO due to its low work function and low sheet resistance. Gold (Au) has been used as the top HTL contact.