EMTP Simulation Model for Mutual Grounding Resistance considering Propagation Time

A grounding conductor (GC) is represented by a distributed-parameter line. Therefore, the voltage and current propagating on the GC should be treated as surge phenomena. On the other hand, grounding resistances are noted by constant matrix without propagation time between grounding electrodes (GEs). A GC is often used to connect GEs. Induced voltages are raised on the GEs before the voltage propagating along the GC reaches if the propagation time of mutual grounding resistance is ignored. Thus, accurate surge analysis for large grounding system should consider the propagation time between GEs. The author has proposed a simulation model of mutual grounding resistance considering the propagation time. This paper describes the proposed model to be used in the EMTP.