Adding Grid-Forming Capabilities to Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Systems

This paper presents a modification of the conventional vector-oriented control for superconducting energy storage systems (SMES) integrated with pulse-width modulated current sources converter (PWM-CSC). This modification adds grid-forming capabilities to the converter via droop controls. In contradistinction to previous works, this paper presents a detailed model of both the modulation of the converter and the features of the power system. An extensive set of simulations was performed in a test system that includes renewable energy. These simulations demonstrate the advantages of the proposed control in stationary state mode.