A Dual Wide-Band Mushroom-Shaped Dielectric Antenna for 5G Sub-6-GHz and mm-Wave Bands

The design and implementation of a dual wide-band mushroom-shaped antenna are presented in this paper. The antenna consists of a cylindrical dielectric resonator (cDRA), a cylindrical dielectric rod as a waveguide (cDR), and a dielectric lens (DL). The cDRA in conjunction with the DL acts as a sub-6-GHz antenna. At the mm-wave band, the small cDR acts as a waveguide, which transfers the wave from the feed toward the larger cDRA and the DL in order to produce a high gain. A dual wide-band antenna is designed and fabricated with different dielectric constants for the cDRA/cDR and the DL. 3D printing is utilized to precisely control the dielectric constant of printed component. Measurement results show a maximum gain of 6.4 dB at 5.3 GHz with a 21% 3-dB gain bandwidth and 12.7 dB at 31.5 GHz with a 26.2% 3-dB gain bandwidth. The sub-6-GHz band exhibits a measured 10-dB return loss bandwidth of 21% (centered at 5.15 GHz), and the mm-wave frequency band demonstrates a measured 10-dB return loss bandwidth of 26.2% (centered at 30.5 GHz).