A 2-stage optimisation approach to ensure security of supply in rural cellular energy structures with solid biomass-based (hybrid) systems

The aspect of resilience and security of supply of the energy system is increasingly becoming the focus of societal interest. The decentralised use of solid biomass in combination with heat pumps and heat storage in hybrid systems could therefore play an important role. This can be particularly relevant in rural areas where the possibility of a district heating network is not available. Accordingly, it is even more crucial to manage this growing number of decentralised energy assets in order to avoid problematic grid conditions. Cellular energy systems are discussed as a method to organise the high com-plexity of numerous within itself complex systems in the grid from the bottom up. The modelling and mathematical optimisation of such cellular structured systems requires a detailed knowledge of the internal processes and thus a highly sophisticated implementation. A direct feedback between optimal operation and optimal planning is particularly important here, as the optima are interdependent. For this, the concept of a 2-stage optimisation approach of the local aspect is presented in this paper, which additionally considers the autonomous and subsidiary properties of the cellular approach within multi-agent systems. This leads to a value-optimised combination of the cellular approach and solid biomass-based (hybrid) systems with the goal of maximising the impact of the limited potential of biogenic residues.