A Dielectric Lens Antenna with Reconfigurable Scanning Beams for K-Band Wind Profile Radar

A multibeam lens antenna with high gain and low sidelobe is presented in this paper. Based on the high gain and defocusing scanning characteristics of the dielectric lens, a fixed 15° beam scan is achieved by switching the feeds at different zones. By introducing the Abbe sine condition into the lens shaping design, a K-band shaping medium lens is designed, which achieves ultra-low sidelobes while scanning the beam. The feed consists of five corrugated horn antennas with symmetrical rotation around the central axis, which have axially symmetrical pattern and very low sidelobe level. Therefore, it is very suitable for feeding a lens antenna system. The simulation results show that in K band, the reflection coefficient is below −25 dB, the radiation efficiency is more than 90%, the maximum gain is 31 dBi, and the sidelobe is below 20 dB. The antenna has simple structure, strong stability and low manufacturing cost, which can be applied to mmWave wind profile radar.