Three-Dimensional Near-Field Passive Localization Considering Propagation Attenuation Based on Trilinear Decomposition

In this article, a cumulant-based temporal–spatial localization algorithm for near-field (NF) sources is presented, which considers NF sources’ propagation attenuation, to estimate 3-D parameters, namely, azimuth, elevation, and radial range. The proposed method exploits the symmetry of the cross array to construct a special fourth-order cumulant (FOC) matrix by making use of the spatial and temporal information of the array measurements. Trilinear decomposition is performed to the “pseudosnapshots” data matrix, and the 2-D angle and range parameters can be extracted from the phase and amplitude attenuation information. The presented work can realize automatic pairing of 3-D parameters with closed-form expressions and no spectral search is needed. Simulation results show that the proposed method offers a satisfactory estimation performance with a low computational complexity.