Power Budget Calculation and Sensitivity Enhancement for N×25 Gbps TDM-PON Configuration

Passive Optical Network (PON) standards relied on Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) methods to maximize data rate. The latest 25GS-PON specifications were declared by Multi-Source Agreement (MSA) group in 2022. The current work stacks two and four 25-Gb/s TDM-PON downstream (DS) channels. The simulation, evaluation, and outcomes are completed using various versions of Opti.System software. O-band wavelength plan as well as Continuous-Wave (CW) laser with Non-Return-to-Zero/On-Off-Keying (NRZ-OOK) format support the system to mitigate Chromatic Dispersion (CD) and upgrade the system capacity. The power budget of 31.1 dB is suitable for Optical Distribution Network (ODN) standards, and the standard value of receiver sensitivity (-24.1 dBm) is achieved. The transmitted power of 1, 4, and 7 dBm are needed for 32, 64, and 128 users/λ, respectively. The transmission is successful for 512 subscribers and 20 km optical reach without the use of amplifiers, Forward Error Correction (FEC), and compensation techniques. The effect of four-wave mixing (FWM) is solved by the wavelength space of 0.8 nm as well as the slight increase in transmitted power from 7 to 7.8 dBm. The open and clear eye diagrams prove the quality of received signals. The simplicity of structure is high because of utilizing basic components and Intensity Modulation/Direct Detection (IM/DD) strategy without amplification and equalization. FEC and compensation techniques are recommended for future work.