Computational Analysis of Indoor Thermal Comfort in a Terraced Family House With Thermal Insulation

Computer simulations are used to assess the impact of thermal insulation on the transfer of heat and moisture in the exterior walls of residential buildings. The effects of internal and external thermal insulation on a room in a terraced family house are compared using the COMSOL Multiphysics software package, evaluating the influence of the placement of expanded polystyrene thermal insulation on the distribution of temperature and moisture in the external wall while monitoring the indoor air temperature during the heating and cooling modes. The internal thermal insulation is more efficient in terms of room heating, while the external insulation is preferable in reducing the risk of the condensation water vapor within the wall. The efficiency of heating the room at 20°C increased by 12% when internal thermal insulation was added to the walls, compared to heating without insulation. The maximum value of relative humidity in the critical wall section decreased by 10% when external thermal insulation was added. Implementing internal thermal insulation needs the right choice of insulation material and its installation to prevent air leakage. The results suggest that the proper selection of the placement of the thermal insulation is critical for optimizing the thermal performance and reducing moisture-related problems in residential buildings.