Dynamic sizing of required balancing capacities: the operational approach in France

System operators employ operating reserves to deal with unexpected variations of demand and generation and guarantee the security of supply. However, they face new challenges to ensure this mission with the increasing share of renewable generation. This article focuses on the operational approach adopted by the French transmission system operator RTE for dynamically sizing the required margins in the context of the dynamic margin monitoring strategy. It relies on continuous forecasts of the main drivers of the uncertainties of the system imbalance. Four types of forecast errors, assumed to be independent, are considered in this approach: the errors in wind and photovoltaic power generation, production of conventional power units, and electricity consumption. Then, the required margin is the result of comparing the global forecast error, computed as the convolution of these independent errors, with a security of supply criterion. This study presents the results of this method implemented at RTE and used in real-time operation.