Self Asserted Power Optimization Protocol for Heterogeneous WSN

The presented methodology is an energy-optimized data routing mechanism for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that emphasizes energy conservation while providing reliable data delivery to the base station (BS). Hierarchical and cluster-based protocol consists of one cluster head (CH) node, two deputy CH nodes, and extra sensor nodes per cluster. The introduction of the concept of a CH panel reduces the time and energy required for re-clustering. The BS selects a group of likely CH nodes and constructs the CH panel with the objective of attaining a defined BS throughput level. The transfer of data between CH nodes and the BS might occur directly or via multi-hop pathways. During periods of data congestion, alternative channels are sometimes employed to increase the network dependability of data transmission. Simulation findings suggest that the proposed protocol improves the energy efficiency, data throughput, and lifetime of a cluster's nodes.