A Bi-Level Techno-Economic Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Considering Wind and Solar Power Integration

With urban and rural infrastructure development, the power system is being forced to operate at or near its full capacity. This paper proposes four new methodologies to find the solution to the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem, considering the capabilities of modern DFIG-based WTs and VSI-based solar PV. The proposed formulation considers the techno-economic objective functions, specifically the minimization of the active and reactive power cost and the maximization of reactive power reserve. This leads to an effective solution to the probabilistic multi-objective ORPD (PMO-ORPD) problem, especially in the context of modern wind farms (WFs) and solar PV. The proposed formulations are necessary for effectively managing power systems with renewable energy sources and contribute to developing efficient and sustainable power systems. Additionally, this study employs probabilistic mathematical modeling that incorporates Weibull, lognormal, and normal probability distribution functions (PDFs) to represent uncertainties in the wind, solar, and load demand. Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) is employed to generate probabilistic scenarios, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of the PMO-ORPD problem. A new two-phase (ToP) multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is proposed, which incorporates the superiority of feasibility constraints to effectively solve the probabilistic multi-objective optimal reactive power dispatch (PMO-ORPD) problem. From the analysis and comparison of simulation results, it has been observed that the proposed algorithm effectively solves the deterministic and PMO-ORPD problems.