Dynamic Frequency Control of a Low Inertia Microgrid using Virtual Synchronous Generator

Conventional synchronous generator has the ability to control system frequency fluctuation because of its large inertia and damping ability. Due to influx of renewable sources in modern power systems low inertia distributed power generation sources are becoming predominant. The variability of these sources negatively impacts the frequency stability of such systems under normal and abnormal conditions. Due to usage of low inertia sources e.g., inverter-based systems, it becomes difficult to arrest the frequency deflection. In this paper, to include the effect of inertia, a Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control technology is proposed. This research suggests an adaptive damping coefficient and moment of inertia control technique to address this shortcoming. A mathematical model for the proposed VSG is developed and analyzed. A simulation model is presented in MATLAB/Simulink platform to confirm the working behavior of proposed VSG control system. The results obtained are quite encouraging.