The Effect of the Gaze Visualization Interface on the Learning Performance of Virtual Reality Medical Education

Here we propose a virtual reality education system that applies an eye-tracking-based gaze visualization interface to prevent the user from experiencing cognitive overload, which may occur in existing virtual reality educational environments. Two gaze visualization interface types, Circle Marker and Highlight, are first used by the instructor to produce virtual reality medical educational content. An experiment is then conducted to analyze the difference in learning performance between these two interface types, with the degrees of concentration and learning flow selected as the learning performance indicators to be evaluated. The learning concentration is evaluated using the dwell time, and the learning flow is evaluated using a survey. A correlation analysis between the degrees of concentration and learning flow is performed, with a positive correlation determined for these two learning performance indicators. An independent samples t-test confirms that there is a statistically significant difference between the degrees of concentration and learning flow based on the type of gaze visualization interface, with the results obtained using the Circle Marker type having a more positive effect on both learning concentration and flow.