Fluid Antenna System—Part II: Research Opportunities

The promising performance of fluid antenna systems (FAS) relies on activating the optimal port to access the spatial opportunity for favourable channel conditions for wireless communications. This nevertheless can imply enormous overheads in channel estimation and signal reception as the resolution of FAS could be arbitrarily high. There is also the challenge of optimizing jointly the selected ports and beamforming when FAS combines with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. This letter discusses some of these obstacles in FAS. Moreover, we present research opportunities that, if addressed properly, FAS could synergize with other enabling technologies for meeting the requirements of the sixth generation (6G).