Learning Activities that Influence Deep Active Learning in Reading Circles Learning

Deep active learning is active learning techniques and strategies that develop advanced thinking ability. To achieve deep active learning, it is necessary to promote internalization out of class and externalization in class. In order to realize deep active learning, this study improved face-to-face reading circles learning through empirical research by creating the flipped reading I and II. Students' evaluation of the learning activities was used to judge the effect and whether the depth of learning had changed. The results found that learning activities in face-to-face, flipped reading I and II were similar, and half or more of the students felt that the discussion and question contributed to deep learning. The reasons for the discussion and the question revealed that the depth of learning in the flipped II was higher than that of the face-to-face and flipped reading I, because discussion -externalization in class, and question -internalization out of class, both of which were improved in flipped reading II. The improvement was triggered by the use of visualization support, which also ensured the fairness of participation in externalization.