Development of a Capacitive Temperature Sensor Using a Lead-Free Ferroelectric Bi(Fe2/3Ta1/3)O3 Ceramic

Ceramic materials have many striking prospects as temperature sensors. Still, some inevitable shortcomings comprising toxicity, low biocompatibility, extensive response as well as recovery times, poor sensitivity, and hysteresis obstruct them from various progressive uses. Therefore, in this current exploration, a capacitive temperature sensor has been designed and developed using a lead-free ferroelectric ceramic Bi(Fe
$_{{2} / {3}}$
Ta
$_{{1} / {3}}$
)
$\text{O}_{{3}}$
(BFT) by solid-state sintering technique. Compared with the conventional capacitive temperature sensor, the proposed BFT-based temperature sensor has a relatively high sensitivity of 280 fF/°C, a fast response time (4.27 s), and a recovery time (7.39 s). The developed sensor provides a reversible response with relatively low hysteresis and excellent repeatability over multiple cycles. The sensor’s response has been recorded for 30 days to confirm long-term stability. The excellent sensing properties of nontoxic BFT sensors make them a very promising electronic component for the development of high-performance capacitive temperature sensors for advanced electronic applications.