Coordinated Planning of Active Distribution Network Considering Virtual Power Plant Based on Master-Slave Game

A great deal of distributed generations (DGs) connected to the grid bring challenges to the secure and stable operation of the distribution network (DN). The virtual power plant (VPP) is deployed to manage the flexible resources. Considering the benefits of both electricity users and electricity suppliers, a bi-level coordinated planning model of the active distribution network and the VPP is proposed on the master- slave game theory. The expansion planning of the distribution utility is carried out to minimize the annual comprehensive cost at the upper level. The profit of VPP is maximized at the lower level to optimize the siting and sizing of DGs and energy storage system (ESS). Finally, Genetic membrane algorithm combined with Monte Carlo Simulation (GMA-MCS) is used to solve the proposed model. The results show that the distribution network planning combined with the flexible resources allocation scheme of VPP has better social benefits.