Voltage Support With PV Inverters in Low-Voltage Distribution Networks: An Overview

Large solar photovoltaic (PV) penetration using inverters in low-voltage (LV) distribution networks may pose several challenges, such as reverse power flow and voltage rise situations. These challenges will eventually force grid operators to carry out grid reinforcement to ensure continued safe and reliable operations. However, smart inverters with reactive power control capability enable PV systems to support voltage quality in the distribution network better. This article gives an overview of the current state-of-the-art control strategies for handling voltage problems through PV inverters and other devices. In addition, the (control) technical issues of PV systems integrated into the LV distribution network are considered from a control point of view. By comparing the control issues of PV integration into the grid, this article aims to help distribution system operators (DSOs) to expand the volume of PV generation in the distribution system in an efficient and safe manner. In addition, it will help control engineers and researchers select proper control strategies for PV systems as well as other distributed renewable sources.