PCM-Integrated module for battery electric vehicles thermal protection

Electric vehicles battery module case with phase change materials (PCM) mix is designed and experimentally tested under various discharge rates. Without any thermal protection material, the average cell temperature could reach 38 °C, 50 °C, and 70 °C for 1 C, 2 C, and 4 C rates, respectively. The presence of PCM leads to a notably lower temperature than the ordinary battery module. For example, none of the battery cells inside the PCM-filled module case could reach 70 °C at 4 C discharge rates. In addition, the selection of Paraffin-20 and Caprylone as PCM provides a different thermal performance due to their different latent heat characteristics. It can be seen that a broad melting temperature of the Paraffin mixture, despite its slightly lower latent heat capacity, could lead to a more uniform temperature. Overall, both PCM could be used as passive thermal