Theoretical Study on the Stark Structure of Cs Rydberg Atom in Quantum Measurement of Power- frequency Electric Field

The electric field measurement is an important means to realize the intelligent monitoring of electric power system. The effect produced by the electric field acting on the Rydberg atoms is called the Stark effect, which provides a new method for the measurement of the power frequency electric field. The energy level shifts of the nS Rydberg states are proportional to the square of the external electric field within a certain electric field range, and their coefficient are determined by the scalar polarizability [α0(nS)] when they are in a certain nS state. The range of the electric field that can be measured is determined by initial avoided crossings (EAC) decision for Stark structure. The Stark structure of Rydberg atoms of Cs are calculated using the coulomb approximation method. The polarizability of the nS states of the principal quantum numbers n=10~70 are calculated. The Stark effect of the different Rydberg states in the applied electric field and initial avoided crossings of the nS states are calculated. Two empirical formulas of scalar polarizability and initial avoided crossings are obtained, which are the key to realize the precision measurement of power-frequency electric field in the future.