Co-Planning of ADN and EV Charging Stations Considering EV Spatial Migration and Sequential Charging Characteristics

This paper proposes a mathematical planning model of mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) for co-planning active distribution networks and electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. In particular, EVs’ spatial migration and sequential charging behavior are considered, and their behavior is depicted by setting the path cost and road congestion coefficient. The distribution network is formulated as the Distflow model, considering multiple distribution generation resources (DGRs) siting and sizing, such as energy storage system (ESS) and capacitor bank (CB). In addition, the on-load tap changer (OLTC) is also considered in the planning model. The present methodology was tested in the IEEE 33-nodes distribution system, illustrating the impact of multiple DGRs and different EV penetration rates on the planning results.