Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna using Programmable Metasurface

In this paper, a pattern reconfigurable antenna operating at 3.5 GHz frequency is proposed. A square-shaped patch serves as the radiator for this antenna while the superstrate layer is made up of a metasurface layer that contains a 4× 4 programmable square ring resonator. To control the radiation beam in the H-plane four PIN diodes are installed in each cell to alter the electric field intensity within the programmable metasurface layer. Performance of the proposed pattern reconfigurable antenna is analyzed in three operational states. Main beam of the antenna can be discretely switched from -30 ° to +30°. In all the operating modes the antenna shows good impedance matching with overall bandwidth from 3.37 to 3.54 GHz. A stable gain of 6.9 dBi is observed in all the operational states.