Band Reconstruction Using a Modified UNet for Sentinel-2 Images

Multispectral (MS) remote sensing images are of great interest for various applications, yet, quite often, an MS product exhibits one or more noisy bands, strip lines, or even missing bands, which leads to decreased confidence in the information it contains. Meeting this challenge, this article proposes a UNet-based neural network architecture to reconstruct a spectral band. The worst case scenario is considered, that of a missing band, the reconstruction being performed based on the available bands. Besides the comparison with state-of-the-art methods, both the qualitative and quantitative analyses are fulfilled considering several metrics: root-mean-square error, structural similarity index, signal-to-reconstruction error, peak-signal-to-noise ratio, and spectral angle mapper. The experiments focus on Sentinel-2 open data within the Copernicus program. Various patterns of urban areas, agricultural regions, and regions from North Pole or Kyiv, Ukraine are included in our dataset to prove the efficiency of band reconstruction regardless of land-cover diversity.